Selected published articles.
The mortality that swept across Europe between 1347 and 1351 is remembered first as a demographic catastrophe, and rightly so. Within four years the pestilence that later generations named...
Church historyThe Reformation was not born in a vacuum. It emerged in a Europe already shaken, thinned, and structurally unsettled by plague. This article traces how the Black Death, labor mobility,...
Church historyWhy do we instinctively believe that every claim should be examined, reasoned through, and defended? That instinct was cultivated, sharpened, and defended. Trace the path from Socratic...
Biblical studies