Theology In Focus

Bible studies, church history, systematic theology, and Christian apologetics by Dr. Peter J. Carter, D.Min.

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Category: Church History

Discover the rich history of Christianity, from the early church fathers to the Reformation and modern era. Learn how historical events and figures have shaped the faith we practice today.

What Happened to Jewish Christianity?

Posted on November 26, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

The first Christians were overwhelmingly Jewish, yet within two centuries Jewish Christianity had virtually disappeared. Explore how the Jewish revolts of AD 70, 115, and 132-135 shattered Jewish-Christian leadership and shifted the church to Gentile dominance.

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Why You Cannot Understand Christianity without the Intertestamental World

Posted on November 21, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

The four hundred years between the Testaments shaped the language, theology, and world into which Jesus was born. Persian mystery, Greek philosophy, and Roman law still shape Christian thought today.

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Why Scotland Embraced the Reformation So Quickly

Posted on November 21, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

Scotland's rapid embrace of the Reformation was no accident. Celtic Christianity had planted deep instincts for local governance and scriptural authority that made John Knox's Reformed teaching feel like a homecoming.

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Why the Council of Nicaea Changed Everything

Posted on November 21, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

The Council of Nicaea affirmed the deity of Christ but also inaugurated the union of church and state. Explore how Constantine's presence reshaped the church and set the stage for the medieval papacy, the Inquisition, and the Reformation.

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How Celtic Christianity Preserved the Faith

Posted on November 19, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

When the Roman Empire fell and learning collapsed across Europe, Irish and Scottish monks preserved Scripture, copied classical literature, and re-evangelized the Continent.

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The Pre-Reformers: Forgotten Voices before Luther

Posted on November 19, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

Before Martin Luther, men like Peter Waldo, Peter de Bruys, John Wycliffe, and Jan Hus challenged the medieval church and called for biblical authority -- and paid dearly for it.

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Where Did the Baptist Church Come From?

Posted on November 18, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

Trace the Baptist tradition from its roots in the English Reformation through Puritan Separatism, John Smyth, Thomas Helwys, and the rise of believer's baptism and congregational self-governance.

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Catholics vs. Anglicans: The Real Difference

Posted on November 18, 2025March 16, 2026 by Dr. Peter J. Carter

The Anglican break from Rome began as a political act, not a theological one. Discover how Henry VIII's power struggle produced a church caught between Catholic heritage and Protestant reform.

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About the Author

Dr. Peter J. Carter

Dr. Peter J. Carter is a theologian, author, and the founder of Theology in Focus. He holds a D.Min. with a concentration in theology and apologetics and has spent over two decades teaching, preaching, and writing to make theology accessible to every believer.

His work bridges the gap between the academy and the church, bringing rigorous scholarship to the service of faith. He is the author of several books on systematic theology and church history.

Learn more about Dr. Carter

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  • Featured image for The Discipline of Studying Church History Honestly - Theology in Focus
    The Discipline of Studying Church History HonestlyMarch 16, 2026
  • Featured image for The Imago Dei: Why Human Life Has Unique Value - Theology in Focus
    The Imago Dei: Why Human Life Has Unique ValueMarch 10, 2026
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    Pre-Reformers, Reformers, and the Social Transformation of Late Medieval EuropeFebruary 20, 2026
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    The Examined Life: Socrates, Classical Education, and the Birth of the Western MindFebruary 18, 2026
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    Christianity Is Not a Merit SystemFebruary 17, 2026

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